The solution is to run DDU in safe mode (you have to enable that in the DDU options on first run) then uninstall AMD drivers completely and restart.
https://www.guru3d.com/files-details/display-driver-uninstaller-download.html
Then download and install (you can download this before DDU so it is ready) the newest AMD drivers for your GPU. Note, your card is not supported on the latest drivers, the newest driver is from 2015.
https://www2.ati.com/drivers/whql-win8.1-win7-catalyst-15.7.1-oct30.exe
But even from 2015, I think OpenGL should still work.
The other option (if you have a desktop) is to buy a new GPU, you'll probably want to if you're doing any game development. Something like this should be fine on the low end.
https://www.newegg.com/msi-radeon-rx-5500-xt-rx-5500-xt-mech-4g-oc/p/N82E16814137497
Also, it would be a good idea to install a fresh operating system. Windows 10 is fine, and you can turn most of the tracking off. If you're really worried about privacy, you can consider Linux, however it will require a greater understanding of computers and operating systems and may be too complication. If you just want to test Linux, you can run an Ubuntu live USB stick and see if Godot works. Ubuntu or Linux Mint would be good choices for a beginner.