I did some source code snooping, and in the C++ file for the Basis, I found this:
static const Basis _ortho_bases[24] = {
Basis(1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1),
Basis(0, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1),
Basis(-1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1),
Basis(0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1),
Basis(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0),
Basis(0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0),
Basis(-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0),
Basis(0, 0, -1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0),
Basis(1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, -1),
Basis(0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1),
Basis(-1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1),
Basis(0, -1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1),
Basis(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0),
Basis(0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0),
Basis(-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, -1, 0),
Basis(0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0),
Basis(0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, 0, -1, 0, -1, 0, -1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, 1, 0, 0, 0, -1, -1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0),
Basis(0, -1, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 0, 0)
};
Looks like the possible values for when you call GridMap.get_cell_item_orientation
.