This is usually more than one mesh. Custom LOD mesh swaps based on viewpoint of the camera, often with "cloud" layers or other obfuscation to hide the transitions.
That is, if your ground is to have any detail, mesh sculpting or texture.
If it was just a sphere, I think you could do it with a subdivided mesh at varying stages of LOD.
Here is a discussion on Reddit that has some sample code: LINK